Ongoing Ukraine-Russia war claims nearly 1 million lives

The ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia has resulted in approximately one million casualties – a devastating toll for both countries grappling with declining populations, according to the Wall Street Journal (WSJ).

Casualty estimates

• A confidential Ukrainian report estimates 80,000 Ukrainian soldiers dead and 400,000 wounded.
• Russian casualties are estimated at nearly 200,000 dead and around 400,000 wounded, though these figures vary.

Demographic impact

The war exacerbates existing demographic crises, particularly for Ukraine, which has a population less than one-quarter the size of Russia’s. Prior to the conflict, Ukraine’s population had already decreased from 48 million in 2001 to around 40 million in early 2022.

• Currently, estimates suggest that the population in government-controlled areas has dropped to between 25 million and 27 million.

Long-term effects

Both countries face long-lasting repercussions. For Ukraine, a sharp decline in birth rates has been observed, with three times as many deaths as births in the first half of 2023.

In contrast, Russia has seen over 600,000 citizens leave since the invasion began, mainly young professionals.

Putin’s goals

President Vladimir Putin aims to address Russia’s demographic decline by annexing Ukrainian territories and promoting Russification, including efforts to compel Ukrainians to acquire Russian citizenship.

Military strategy, mobilization

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has been cautious in mobilizing younger men, fearing the loss of future generations.

The average age of Ukrainian soldiers has risen to over 43, and the country has limited mobilization efforts – focusing on recruiting convicts and foreigners.

The ongoing conflict continues to reshape the demographics of both nations, with the civilian death toll remaining uncertain.