Greek army modernization set to be unveiled amid calm period with historical rival Türkiye
Greek Navy music band stands guard before the ceremony of the signing of a deal for the purchase of three frigates and six Rafale fighter jets from France on board the decommissioned Hellenic Navy cruiser "Georgios Averof", in Athens, on March 24, 2022. (AFP Photo)
NATO member Greece is set to unveil a massive modernization of the Greek army on Wednesday, following the lead of several of its European allies amid increasing tension between Russia and the European nations.
Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis is expected to present the timeline to parliament, headlined with an eye-catching new anti-aircraft defence set-up called “Achilles’s Shield“.
The Mediterranean country already dedicates more than 3% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on defense, owing to decades of tension with its neighbor Türkiye.
It now plans to invest approximately €26 billion ($28 billion) on new weapons systems by 2036, according to ministerial sources.
The Greek government has called it “the most significant reform ever undertaken in the history of the Greek state in terms of national defence.”
“Our country is protecting itself, arming itself, and strengthening itself,” government spokesman Pavlos Marinakis said last week.
Alongside Poland, Estonia and Latvia, Greece is one of the few NATO member states that allocates more than 3% of output to defence.
And this year the nation of 10.5 million has doubled its military budget to €6.13 billion.
“Historically, Greece has served and will continue to serve as an outpost for Europe, which is currently seeking to reorganise its defence in a difficult international setting,” said Maria Gavouneli, a professor of international law at the University of Athens.
Upgrade to anti-missile and anti-aircraft systems
A key part of the shake-up is an upgrade to its anti-missile and anti-aircraft systems called “Achilles’s Shield”, according to a source familiar with the matter.
Greek media reports suggest Athens is in negotiations with Israel to acquire the shield, which also includes enhancing anti-drone systems.
France, Italy and Norway have also been cited as possible suppliers of the new weapons, which include unmanned vessels (USVs), drones and radars.
Greece has sought to strengthen its position on the EU’s Eastern Mediterranean border, close to the conflict zones of the Middle East.
A dutiful buyer of European military equipment, especially from France and Germany, Greece has always justified its arms spending by pointing to territorial disputes with historic rival Türkiye.
‘Necessary’ overhaul
“This reorganisation was necessary for Greece because during the economic crisis of the last decade and the freeze on public spending, the country fell behind in terms of modernising (its arsenal),” said Gavouneli, who is also the director general of the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy think-tank.
Greece has signed a military cooperation agreement with France, ordering 24 Rafale fighter jets and three Belharra-class defence and intervention frigates (FDI) for a total of more than €5.5 billion.
A fourth frigate will be built in Greek shipyards, offering added value to strengthen the Greek defence industry.
Athens has also signed a deal for the acquisition of 20 U.S.-made F-35 fighter jets.
Last November, Defense Minister Nikos Dendias said Greece would order four different drone systems and overhaul its armed forces by merging military units.
Athens must cope with a “different reality” and modernise its forces quickly to meet the challenges of the 21st century and those in its relationship with Ankara, Dendias said at the time.
France, Germany, and Poland have lately announced plans to bolster their militaries at a time of faltering confidence in the U.S. military umbrella. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen has stressed that the EU must significantly increase its arms spending in the face of the threat from Russia.
