Türkiye advances its space science ambitions with new research station in Antarctica
The Turkish science team starts their investigation process as they arrive at the Turkish Scientific Research Camp on Horseshoe Island at 68 south latitude after 10 days of travelling, in Antarctica, February 25, 2025. (AA Photo)
Mehmet Fatih Kacir, Türkiye’s Minister of Industry and Technology, has announced the country’s ongoing commitment to strengthening its presence in Antarctica as part of the nation’s space programs.
He emphasized that the government will continue to advance its space science capabilities in line with the objectives of the National Space Program.
Currently, the 9th National Antarctic Science Expedition, organized under the auspices of the Presidency and led by the Ministry of Industry and Technology, is ongoing.
The expedition is coordinated by the Scientific and Technological Research Institution of Türkiye (TUBITAK) MAM Polar Research Institute, and as part of this mission, Türkiye has established a new research station on Horseshoe Island, where a low-frequency near-space observation station has been set up.
National Polar Science Strategy aims to boost space observation in Antarctica
As part of the “National Polar Science Strategy,” the new space observation station is a critical component of both national and international efforts to advance space science.
The station’s establishment in Antarctica is expected to contribute significantly to future research activities conducted at Türkiye’s scientific research camp on the White Continent, aligned with the country’s vision for space exploration.
Kacir shared on social media platform X that the establishment of the Near-Space Observation Station with a focus on the “Space Perspective” of the National Polar Science Strategy is set to accelerate Türkiye’s scientific endeavors in Antarctica.
He reiterated that the country is determined to strengthen its presence in the region and continue developing its space science expertise in line with the objectives of the National Space Program.
Importance of near-space research
After the installation of the station, initial data captured lightning strikes, one of which was recorded in the Gulf of Mexico, east of Mexico City, at a latitude of 68 degrees south on Horseshoe Island.
Professor Dr. Umran Savas Inan, a renowned scientist who has conducted years of research in Antarctica, emphasized the growing importance of near-space studies. Inan explained that near space, unlike distant space, which includes astrophysical phenomena and other planets, refers to the space surrounding Earth, akin to an extension of our atmosphere. He noted that this area has gained significant attention in recent years.
Key role of radiation belts in near-space research
Inan highlighted that radiation belts in near space play a critical role in determining the lifespan of satellites used for electronic communication and observation.
These radiation belts affect the functionality of electronic devices, causing them to fail over time, necessitating their replacement. With increasing numbers of satellites being launched, such as Elon Musk’s Starlink project, which plans to deploy thousands of satellites, the understanding of physical phenomena in near space has become increasingly important.
“Understanding how electromagnetic waves, electrons, and protons interact in near space is critical to ensuring the longevity and efficiency of satellites,” Inan said.
Exploring impact of lightning on near-space technology
Inan also discussed the role of lightning in the dynamics of near-space. With lightning striking the Earth 50 to 60 times per second globally, he noted that lightning reduces the intensity of radiation by interacting with electrons and sending them to the ionosphere. This process, according to Inan, helps protect satellites from harmful radiation.
By studying how lightning and electromagnetic waves interact with near-space particles, the research team aims to improve satellite technology and extend their operational lifespans, ultimately reducing costs and enhancing the reliability of space-based communication systems.
Cutting-edge research on satellite longevity
Emre Taskiran, a graduate student at Koc University and participant in the expedition, shared insights about the VLF (very low frequency) antennas set up at Horseshoe Island. These antennas are designed to monitor electromagnetic waves originating from lightning strikes and their propagation through near-space.
“With our initial data, we found that the environment at Horseshoe Island is one of the quietest we’ve encountered,” said Taskiran. “Despite the frequent lightning strikes, we can observe a significant amount of them.”
Taskiran explained that the research aims to understand and mitigate the effects of radiation belts on satellites. By extending the lifespan of these satellites, Türkiye could reduce costs and enhance the efficiency of satellite-based communications, making this research crucial for the country’s space ambitions.
Antarctica as laboratory for space science
The ongoing research in Antarctica is not only pivotal for advancing space science but also strengthens Türkiye’s position as a growing player in the global space arena.
With plans to expand its presence in the region, Türkiye is laying the groundwork for future innovations in space exploration.
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