Ancient Bulgarian tradition ‘martenitsa’ welcomes spring
People tying martenitsa bracelets on each other's wrists, Edirne, Türkiye, March 1, 2025. (AA Photo)
Martenitsa bracelets, a cherished tradition among Bulgarians in Türkiye and around the world, have once again become a hot topic as spring approaches.
These red and white woolen bracelets, worn from March 1st, symbolize the celebration of the season’s arrival and are deeply rooted in Bulgaria’s cultural heritage.
The tradition is closely associated with Baba Marta (Grandma Marta) days, a unique celebration in Bulgaria. On this special day, Bulgarians exchange these symbolic gifts, known as “martenitsa,” with their loved ones, wishing them health, strength, and prosperity throughout the year.
A symbol of hope and renewal
Martenitsas are traditionally worn until the first sighting of a stork or swallow, at which point they are tied to the branch of the first blossoming tree. According to old beliefs, this act is thought to make long-awaited wishes come true.
A notable aspect of this tradition is that martenitsas should never be purchased but instead gifted to hold their true meaning.
The custom is celebrated with the cheerful greeting, “Chestita Baba Marta!” (Happy Granny Marta!). Not only are people adorned with these vibrant accessories, but fruit trees, homes, and animals are also decorated, aiming to attract abundance and fertility.
Meaning behind martenitsa threads
Over the years, martenitsas have evolved beyond simple red and white threads. Today, they come in various forms, including tassels, pom-poms, and human figurines. Among the most iconic designs are the “Pijo and Penda” dolls, crafted from red and white yarn. In martenitsa symbolism, white represents longevity, while red signifies health and strength.
This meaningful tradition passed down through generations for centuries, continues to bring hope and positivity as the world welcomes the arrival of spring.
The martenitsa tradition, which dates back to the 1300s, has endured through the centuries, spreading beyond Bulgaria to all regions where Bulgarian immigrants have settled.
This vibrant custom continues to symbolize hope, health, and the joyous arrival of spring across diverse cultures and communities worldwide.
